Typically treats seeds with fungicide or insecticides. Uses GMO seeds for majority of cotton.

Uses untreated seeds. GMO seeds not allowed.

Applies synthetic fertilizers. Causes loss of soil due to the predominantly mono-cropping culture. Relies on irrigation (blue water).

Builds soil organic material through crop rotation, intercropping and compost. Retains water more efficiently due to organic material in soil.

Applies herbicide to soil to inhibit weed germination. Sprays herbicide to kill the weeds.

Controls seeds through cultivation and physical removal.

Uses insecticide to control pests. The 9 most common are highly toxic. Crop dusting may cause harm to surrounding eco-systems and communities.

Maintains balance between pests and their natural predators through healthy soil. Uses beneficial insects, biological and cultural practices to control pests. May use trap crops to lure insects away.

May defoliate with chemicals.

Defoliates through natural seasonal freezing. May stimulate defoliation through water management.